Evidence for an Unnamed Point Type in Northern Mississippi

Malcolm T. McLaughlin Aurora Colorado

Central States Archaeological Journal April 2012

triangular Mississippian projectile points from northern Mississippi showing consistent unnamed point type
A group of triangular projectile points recovered from northern Mississippi, displaying consistent morphology that may represent an unnamed Late Prehistoric point type.

This article presents a group of triangular projectile points recovered from northern Mississippi that appear to represent a consistent, but currently unnamed, type. These points share a number of defining characteristics that separate them from more commonly recognized Late Prehistoric forms in the Southeast.

The specimens are small to medium in size and display a triangular blade form with straight to slightly excurvate edges. Bases are generally straight to slightly concave, with careful thinning and occasional smoothing. The workmanship suggests intentional design rather than variation within an existing type.

Material selection varies, but most examples are made from locally available cherts common to the Yazoo Basin and surrounding regions. Flaking is typically fine and controlled, indicating skilled craftsmanship. While some variation exists in size and proportions, the overall morphology remains consistent across multiple finds.

These points have been recovered in contexts associated with Late Prehistoric occupations, suggesting a temporal placement within the Mississippian period. However, their exact cultural affiliation remains uncertain. They do not cleanly fit into established typologies such as Madison or other well-documented triangular forms.

The repeated occurrence of these points within a defined geographic region raises the possibility of a localized or specialized form. Whether this represents a cultural variation, a functional adaptation, or a distinct type yet to be formally recognized remains open for further study.

As with many aspects of artifact classification, continued documentation and comparison will be critical. Additional finds, especially those with clear context, may help clarify whether this form warrants formal designation as a new point type.

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The Myer Figurine

by Dr. Sandy B. Carter, Jr., Big Canoe, Georgia

Volume 68, number 1, January 2021 Central States Archaeological Journal

Mississippian period Myer Figurine, carved yellow sandstone seated male effigy from Castalian Springs (40SU14), Sumner County Tennessee.
Rear view of the Mississippian Myer Figurine, carved yellow sandstone effigy from Castalian Springs (40SU14), Sumner County Tennessee, with provenance label.

The Myer Figurine (Fig. 1) is a well-documented seated male miniature statue, whose provenance dates back to its unearthing in 1896. In view of its uniqueness, artistry, outstanding pedigree and iconographic significance, it is appropriate to discuss this treasure.

The statuette is 3¾” in height and is made of yellow sandstone. It was found by Sam Stone Bush (Fig. 4) in Castalian Springs, Sumner County, Tennessee (40SU14). More specifically, it was excavated “in a stone slab grave near the banks of Lick Creek and near the Sulphur Springs in Cemetery No. 50” (Ref. 2, p.165). This cemetery was 1000 feet southwest of Mound 1 at Castalian Springs (Ref. 3). Prior to the 1830s Castalian Springs was called Bledsoe’s Lick. The palisaded area consisted of at least seven Mississippian earthen mounds with burial 34 in Mound 1 containing five quintessential shell gorgets (Ref. 2, pp. 168-176 and Ref. 4) including the Myer “Dancing Warrior” shell.

Sometimes referred to as the “Bush Figurine,” the statuette “was clasped in the right hand” of the interred. In the same grave was found a Pine Island shell gorget (A.D. 1300-1375, [Ref. 5] and [Ref. 2, p. 165]), that is now curated at the National Museum of the American Indian (NMAI) as catalog #15/859 (Fig. 2). This gorget was obtained from the Myer estate in 1926 by Gustav Heye and in 1989 by the NMAI (Ref. 2, p. xlv and Ref. 3).

On 2/20/1920, S.S. Bush gave the figurine to William Edward Myer (Fig. 5). Myer (1862-1923) was an archaeologist from Carthage, Tennessee who worked for the Smithsonian Institution’s Bureau of American Ethnology (Ref. 2, p. xxxiii). He explored Castalian Springs in 1891, 1893 and November 1916-January 1917 (Ref. 2, p. xlvi). Bush “felt that all the objects (from Castalian Springs) should be kept together in the interest of science… (and) without any solicitation, very generously presented them” to Myer (Ref. 2, p. 165).

At top: Figure 1. The Myer Figurine.
Photographs by the Author